Do my research paper abstract of scientific papers are sometimes poorly written, often lack important information, and occasionally convey a biased picture. This paper provides detailed suggestions, with examples, for writing the background, methods, results, and conclusions sections of a good abstract. The primary target of this paper is the young researcher; however, authors with all levels of experience may find useful ideas in the paper.
This paper is the do my research paper abstract in a series on manuscript writing skills, published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Earlier articles offered suggestions on how to write a good case report,[ 1 ] and how to read, write, or review a paper paper abstract randomized controlled trials.
Although research primary target of paper abstract paper is the young researcher, it is likely that authors with all levels of abstract will find at least a few ideas that may be useful in their future efforts.
The abstract of a paper is the only part of link paper that is published in conference proceedings.
The abstract is the only part of abstract paper that a potential referee sees when he is invited by an editor do continue reading research paper abstract review a manuscript.
The abstract is the only part of the abstract that readers see when they search unsolved assignments electronic databases such as Paper abstract. Finally, most readers will acknowledge, with a chuckle, that when they leaf through the hard read more of a journal, they look at only the titles of the contained papers. If a paper abstract interests them, they glance do my research paper abstract the abstract of that do my research paper abstract. Only a dedicated reader will peruse the contents of the paper, and then, most paper abstract only the introduction and discussion sections.
Only a reader with a very specific interest in the subject of the paper, and a need to understand it thoroughly, will read the entire paper. Thus, paper abstract the vast majority of readers, the paper does not exist beyond its abstract. For the referees, and the few readers who wish to read beyond the abstract, the abstract sets the tone for the rest of the paper.
It is research the duty of the author to ensure that the abstract is properly representative of the entire paper. For this, the abstract must have some general qualities.
These are listed in Table 1. Although some journals still publish research paper that are written as free-flowing paragraphs, most journals require abstracts to conform to a formal structure within research paper abstract word count of, usually, — words.
The usual sections defined in a structured abstract are the Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusions; other headings with similar meanings research be used eg, Introduction in place of Background or Findings in place of Results. Some journals include additional sections, such as Objectives between Background and Methods and Limitations at the end of the abstract.
Paper abstract the rest of this paper, issues related to the contents of each section will be examined abstract turn.
This section should be the shortest part of the abstract and should very briefly outline the following information:. In most cases, the background can be framed in just 2—3 sentences, with each sentence describing a different aspect of the information referred to above; sometimes, even a single sentence may suffice.
The purpose of the background, as the word itself indicates, is to provide the reader with a background to the research, and hence to smoothly lead into a click to see more of the methods research in the investigation. Some authors publish papers the abstracts of which contain a lengthy background section. There are some situations, perhaps, where this may be justified. In most cases, however, a longer background section means that less space remains for the presentation of the results.
This is unfortunate paper abstract the reader read paper abstract interested in the paper because of its findings, and not because paper abstract its background.
A wide variety of acceptably composed backgrounds is provided in Table 2 ; most of these have been adapted from actual papers. Note that, in the interest of brevity, unnecessary content do my research paper abstract avoided.
The methods section is usually the second-longest section in the abstract. It should paper abstract enough information to enable the reader to paper abstract what was done, and how. Table 3 lists important questions to which the methods section should provide brief answers. Questions regarding which go here should ideally be available in the methods section of an abstract.
Carelessly written methods sections lack information about important issues such do my research paper abstract sample size, numbers of patients in different groups, do my research paper abstract of medications, and duration of the study.
Readers have only to flip through the pages paper research a randomly selected journal to realize how common such carelessness is. Table visit web page presents examples of the contents of accept-ably written methods sections, modified from actual publications. The results section is the most important part of the abstract and nothing should compromise its range and quality.
This is because readers who peruse an abstract do so to learn about the findings of the study. The results section should therefore be the longest part of the abstract and should contain as much detail about the findings check this out the journal do my research paper abstract paper count permits.
Important information that the results should present is indicated in Table 5. Examples of acceptably written abstracts are presented in Table 6 ; one of these has been modified from an actual publication.
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